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Books and Articles from Notes on Charles Freeman, The Closing of the Western Mind

Source: extracted from the PDF section titled “Modern Works Cited in the Text and Notes.” Amazon links are search links for book-length works because many of these have multiple editions or are out of print. Journal articles and book chapters are listed without Amazon links.

Reference Works, Sourcebooks, Companions, and General Overviews

TypeCitationAmazon
Edited/reference volumeAckroyd, P. R., and C. F. Evans, eds. The Cambridge History of the Bible. vol. 1. Cambridge, 1970.Amazon search
Article / chapterBarnes, Jonathan. “Galen, Christians, Logic.” In T. P. Wiseman, ed., Classics in Progress. Oxford, 2002.
BookBarrett, C. K. A Commentary on the First Epistle to the Corinthians. London, 1971.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeBarton, John, and John Muddiman, eds. The Oxford Bible Commentary. Oxford, 2001.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeBettenson, Henry, ed. Documents of the Christian Church. Oxford, 1943.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeBettenson, Henry, ed. The Early Christian Fathers. Oxford, 1956.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeBockmuehl, Markus, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Jesus. Cambridge, 2001.Amazon search
Article / chapterBolgar, R. R. “The Greek Legacy.” In M. Finley, ed., The Legacy of Greece: A New Appraisal. Oxford, 1984.
Article / chapterBonner, G. “Augustine as Biblical Scholar.” In P. R. Ackroyd and C. F. Evans, eds. The Cambridge History of the Bible, vol. 1: From the Beginning to Jerome. Cambridge, 1970.
BookBowersock, G. W., Peter Brown, and Oleg Grabar. Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 1999.Amazon search
Article / chapterBrunschwig, Jacques. “Skepticism.” In J. Brunschwig and G. E. R. Lloyd, eds., Greek Thought: A Guide to Classical Knowledge, pp. 937–56. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 2000.
Article / chapterBrunschwig, Jacques. “Stoicism.” In J. Brunschwig and G. E. R. Lloyd, eds., Greek Thought: A Guide to Classical Knowledge, pp. 977–96. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 2000.
Edited/reference volumeBrunschwig, Jacques, and G. E. R. Lloyd, eds. Greek Thought: A Guide to Classical Knowledge. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 2000.Amazon search
BookClaridge, Amanda. Rome: An Oxford Archaeological Guide. Oxford and New York, 1998.Amazon search
BookCollins, John J. The Encyclopaedia of Apocalypticism. Vol. 1: The Origins of Apocalypticism in Judaism and Christianity. New York, 1998.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeCoogan, M., and B. Metzger, eds. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. Oxford and New York, 1993.Amazon search
BookCotter, Wendy. Miracles in Greco-Roman Antiquity: A Sourcebook. London, 1999.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeCraig, Edward, ed. The Routledge Encyclopaedia of Philosophy. London and New York, 1998.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeCross, F. L., and E. A. Livingstone, eds. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 3rd ed. Oxford, 1997.Amazon search
BookDavies, Brian. Philosophy of Religion: A Guide and Anthology. Oxford, 2000.Amazon search
Article / chapterDavies, W. D. “Paul from a Jewish Point of View.” In William Horbury, W. D. Davies and John Sturdy, eds., The Cambridge History of Judaism, vol. 3, chap. 21. Cambridge, 1999.
Article / chapterDavies, W. D., and E. P. Sanders. “Jesus: From the Jewish Point of View.” In William Horbury, W. D. Davies and John Sturdy, eds., The Cambridge History of Judaism, vol. 3. Cambridge 1999.
Article / chapterde Boer, M. C. “Paul and Apocalyptic Eschatology.” In John J. Collins, The Encyclopaedia of Apocalypticism, vol. 1: The Origins of Apocalypticism in Judaism and Christianity. New York, 1998.
Bookde Lange, Nicholas. Atlas of the Jewish World. Oxford, 1984.Amazon search
BookFarmer, D. The Oxford Dictionary of the Saints. 4th ed. Oxford, 1997.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeFerguson, Everett, ed. Encyclopaedia of Early Christianity. Chicago and London, 1990.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeFinley, M. I., ed. The Legacy of Greece: A New Appraisal. Oxford, 1984.Amazon search
Article / chapterFlint, Thomas P. “Evil, the Problem of.” In A. Hastings, ed., The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought. Oxford and New York, 2000.
Edited/reference volumeFrede, M., and Gisela Striker, eds. Rationality in Greek Thought. Oxford, 1996.Amazon search
Article / chapterGerson, Lloyd P. “Plotinus and Neoplatonism.” In Richard Popkin, The Pimlico History of Western Philosophy. New York and London, 1999.
Edited/reference volumeGerson, Lloyd P, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Plotinus. Cambridge, 1996.Amazon search
Article / chapterGoodman, Martin. “Galilean Judaism and Judaean Judaism.” In W. Horbury, W. D. Davies and John Sturdy, eds., The Cambridge History of Judaism, vol. 3. Cambridge, 1999.
BookHamilton, J. R. Plutarch’s Alexander: A Commentary. 2nd ed. Bristol, 1999.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeHastings, Adrian, ed. The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought. Oxford and New York, 2000.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeHorbury, William, W. D. Davies, and John Sturdy, eds. The Cambridge History of Judaism. Vol. 3. Cambridge, 1999.Amazon search
Article / chapterKelly, Christopher. “Empire Building.” In G. W. Bowersock, Peter Brown and Oleg Grabar, eds., Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 1999.
BookKelly, J. The Oxford Dictionary of the Popes. Oxford, 1986.Amazon search
Article / chapterLe Boullec, Alain. “Hellenism and Christianity.” In J. Brunschwig and G. E. R. Lloyd, eds., Greek Thought: A Guide to Classical Knowledge. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 2000.
Article / chapterLloyd, G. “Demonstration in Galen.” In M. Frede and G. Striker, eds., Rationality in Greek Thought. Oxford, 1996.
Article / chapterLong, A. A. “Hellenistic Philosophy.” In Richard Popkin, The Pimlico History of Western Philosophy. New York, 1998; London, 1999.
Edited/reference volumeLong, A, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy. Cambridge, 1999.Amazon search
BookMaas, Michael. Readings in Late Antiquity: A Sourcebook. London and New York, 2000.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeMcManners, John, ed. The Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity. Oxford, 1990.Amazon search
BookMurphy-O’Connor, Jerome. The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide. 4th ed. Oxford, 1998.Amazon search
BookNew Catholic Encyclopedia. Washington, D.C., 1967.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumePopkin, Richard, ed. The Pimlico History of Western Philosophy. New York, 1998; London, 1999.Amazon search
BookReinhold, M., and N. Lewis. Roman Civilization, Sourcebook II: The Empire. New York, 1995.Amazon search
Article / chapterRist, John. “Plotinus and Christian Philosophy.” In Lloyd P. Gerson, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Plotinus. Cambridge, 1996.
Edited/reference volumeRogerson, John, ed. The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible. Oxford, 2001.Amazon search
Article / chapterSorabji, Richard. “Rationality.” In Michael Frede and Gisela Striker, eds., Rationality in Greek Thought. Oxford, 1996.
Article / chapterTarrant, Harold. “Middle Platonism.” In Richard Popkin, ed., The Pimlico History of Western Philosophy. New York, 1998; London, 1999.
Article / chapterWardy, Robert. “Rhetoric.” In J. Brunschwig and G. E. R. Lloyd, eds., Greek Thought: A Guide to Classical Knowledge. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 2000.
Article / chapterWilliams, Bernard. “Philosophy.” In M. J. Finley, ed., The Legacy of Greece: A New Appraisal. Oxford, 1984.
Article / chapterWilliams, Rowan. “Arianism.” In E. Ferguson, ed., Encyclopaedia of Early Christianity. Chicago and London, 1990.
Article / chapterWolterstorff, Nicholas. “Faith.” In Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. London and New York, 2000.

Greek Philosophy, Science, Medicine, Rhetoric, and Intellectual History

TypeCitationAmazon
Article / chapterAlexander, L. “Paul and the Hellenistic Schools: The Evidence of Galen.” In Troels Engbury-Pedersen, ed., Paul in His Hellenistic Context. Edinburgh, 1994.
BookBarnes, Jonathan. Aristotle. Oxford, 1982.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeBerggren, J. Lennert, and Alexander Jones, eds. and trans. Ptolemy’s Geography: An Annotated Translation of the Theoretical Chapters. Princeton, 2002.Amazon search
BookBobzien, Suzanne. Determinism and Freedom in Stoic Philosophy. Oxford, 2000.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeBowen, Alan, ed. Science and Philosophy in Ancient Greece. New York and London, 1993.Amazon search
BookCameron, Averil. Christianity and the Rhetoric of Empire. Berkeley and London, 1991.Amazon search
BookClark Smith, John. The Ancient Wisdom of Origen. London and Toronto, 1992.Amazon search
Article / chapterColish, Marcia. “Cicero, Ambrose and Stoic Ethics: Transmission or Transformation?” In A. S. Barnardo and S. Levin, eds., The Classics in the Middle Ages. New York, 1990.
Article / chapterCooper, John. “Plato’s Theory of Human Motivation.” History of Philosophy Quarterly 1, no. 1 (January 1984).
Article / chapterDillon, J. M. “Rejecting the Body, Redefining the Body: Some Remarks on the Development of Platonist Asceticism.” In V. Wimbush and R. Valantasis, eds., Asceticism. New York and Oxford, 1995.
Edited/reference volumeDillon, J. M., and A. A. Long, eds. The Question of Eclecticism: Studies in Later Greek Philosophy. Berkeley and London, 1988.Amazon search
Article / chapterFrede, M. “Monotheism and Pagan Philosophy.” In P. Athanassiadi and M. Frede, Pagan Monotheism in Late Antiquity. Oxford, 1999.
BookGarnsey, Peter. Ideas of Slavery from Aristotle to Augustine. Cambridge, 1996.Amazon search
Article / chapterGreen, Peter. Review of J. Lennert Berggren and Alexander Jones, eds. and trans., Ptolemy’s Geography: An Annotated Translation of the Theoretical Chapters, Princeton, 2002. In the London Review of Books, vol. 24. no. 4, February 21, 2002, p. 35.
Edited/reference volumeGreen, Peter, ed. and trans. The Argonautika. Berkeley and London, 1997.Amazon search
Article / chapterGriffin, Jasper. “The Epic Cycle and the Uniqueness of Homer.” Journal of Hellenic Studies 97 (1977): 39–53.
BookHare, R. M. Plato. Oxford, 1982.Amazon search
BookIsrael, Jonathan. Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of Modernity 1650–1750. Oxford and New York, 2001.Amazon search
BookJohnstone, C. L. Theory, Text, Context: Issues in Greek Rhetoric and Oratory. New York, 1994.Amazon search
Article / chapterKahn, Charles. “Discovering the Will: From Aristotle to Augustine.” In J. M. Dillon and A. A. Long, eds., The Question of Eclecticism: Studies in Later Greek Philosophy. Berkeley and London, 1988.
Article / chapterKahn, Charles. “The Origins of Greek Science and Philosophy.” In Alan Bowen, ed., Science and Philosophy in Ancient Greece. New York and London, 1993.
BookKennedy, George. A New History of Classical Rhetoric. Princeton, 1994.Amazon search
BookKerferd, G. The Sophistic Movement. Cambridge, 1981.Amazon search
BookKing, Helen. Hippocrates’ Women: Reading the Female Body in Ancient Greece. London and New York, 1998.Amazon search
BookKline, Morris. Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times. Vol. 1. New York and Oxford, 1972.Amazon search
BookLear, Jonathan. Aristotle: The Desire to Understand. Cambridge, 1988.Amazon search
BookLloyd, G. Early Greek Science: Thales to Aristotle. London, 1974.Amazon search
BookLloyd, G. Greek Science After Aristotle. London, 1973.Amazon search
BookLloyd, G. The Revolutions of Wisdom. Berkeley and London, 1957.Amazon search
BookLongrigg, James. Greek Medicine: From the Heroic to the Hellenistic Age: A Source Book. London, 1998.Amazon search
Article / chapterMarkus, Robert. “Aquinas and Aristotle.” Blackfriars, March 1961.
BookMoores, J. D. Wrestling with Rationality in Paul. Cambridge, 1995.Amazon search
BookMortley, Raoul. From Word to Silence. Vol. 1: The Rise and Fall of Logos. Vol. 2: The Way of Negation, Christian and Greek. Bonn, 1986.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeMurray, Oswyn, and Simon Price, eds. The Greek City from Homer to Alexander. Oxford 1990.Amazon search
BookNussbaum, Martha. The Fragility of Goodness. Cambridge, 1986.Amazon search
Article / chapterNussbaum, Martha. “Platonic Love and Colorado Love: The Relevance of Ancient Greek Norms to Modern Sexual Controversies.” In R. B. Louden and P. Schollmeier, eds., The Greeks and Us: Essays in Honor of Arthur W. H. Adkins. Chicago and London, 1999.
BookNussbaum, Martha. The Therapy of Desire: Theory and Practice in Hellenistic Ethics. Princeton, 1994.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumePowell, J. G. F., ed. Cicero the Philosopher. Oxford, 1995.Amazon search
BookRawson, Elizabeth. Cicero: A Portrait. London, 1995.Amazon search
BookRihill, T. E. Greek Science. Oxford, 1999.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeRobb, Kevin, ed. Language and Thought in Early Greek Philosophy. La Salle, Ill., 1983.Amazon search
Article / chapterRunciman, W. G. “Doomed to Extinction: The Polis as an Evolutionary Dead-End.” In Oswyn Murray and Simon Price, eds., The Greek City from Homer to Alexander. Oxford, 1990.
BookSiorvanes, Lucas. Proclus: Neo-Platonic Philosophy and Science. Edinburgh, 1996.Amazon search
BookSmith, Rowland. Julian’s Gods: Religion and Philosophy in the Thought and Action of Julian the Apostate. London and New York, 1995.Amazon search
BookSorabji, Richard. Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation. Oxford, 2000.Amazon search
BookStead, Christopher. Philosophy in Christian Antiquity. Cambridge, 1994.Amazon search
Article / chapterStead, Christopher. “Rhetorical Method in Athanasius.” Vigiliae Christianae 30 (1976): 121–37.
BookStroumsa, Guy. Barbarian Philosophy: The Religious Revolution of Early Christianity. Tubingen, 1999.Amazon search
BookThomas, Rosalind. Herodotus in Context: Ethnography, Science and the Art of Persuasion. Cambridge, 2000.Amazon search
BookWardy, Robert. The Birth of Rhetoric. London, 1996.Amazon search
Article / chapterWest, Martin. “Early Greek Philosophy.” In John Boardman, Jasper Griffin and Oswyn Murray, eds., The Oxford History of the Classical World. Oxford, 1986.
BookWilken, R. L. John Chrysostom and the Jews: Rhetoric and Reality in the Late Fourth Century. Berkeley and London, 1983.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeWorthington, Ian, ed. Persuasion: Greek Rhetoric in Action. London and New York, 1994.Amazon search

Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman History

TypeCitationAmazon
BookBeard, M., J. North, and S. Price. Religions of Rome. Cambridge, 1998.Amazon search
BookBirley, Anthony. Hadrian, the Restless Emperor. London and New York, 1997.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeBoardman, John, Jasper Griffin, and Oswyn Murray, eds. The Oxford History of the Classical World. Oxford, 1986.Amazon search
BookBoatwright, M. T. Hadrian and the Cities of the Roman Empire. Princeton and Chichester, Eng., 2000.Amazon search
BookBosworth, A. B. Alexander and the East: The Tragedy of Triumph. Oxford, 1996.Amazon search
BookBosworth, A. Conquest and Empire: The Reign of Alexander the Great. Cambridge, 1988.Amazon search
BookBosworth, A. From Arrian to Alexander: Studies in Historical Interpretation. Oxford, 1988.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeBosworth, A. B., and E. J. Baynham, eds. Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction. Oxford, 2000.Amazon search
BookBradley, Keith. Slavery and Society at Rome. Cambridge, 1994.Amazon search
BookBrown, Peter. Poverty and Leadership in the Later Roman Empire. Hanover and London, 2002.Amazon search
BookCameron, Averil. The Later Roman Empire. London, 1993.Amazon search
BookCornell, T. J. The Beginnings of Rome. London, 1995.Amazon search
BookCroke, B., and J. Harries. Religious Conflict in Fourth Century Rome. Sydney, 1982.Amazon search
BookDavies, J. K. Democracy and Classical Greece. 2nd ed. London, 1993.Amazon search
BookElsner, Jas. Imperial Rome and Christian Triumph: The Art of the Roman Empire, A.D. 100-450. Oxford, 1998.Amazon search
BookFreeman, Charles. Egypt, Greece and Rome: Civilizations of the Ancient Mediterranean. Oxford, 1996.Amazon search
BookGeiger, Gail. Filippino Lippi’s Carafa Chapel: Renaissance Art in Rome. Kirksville, Mo., 1986.Amazon search
BookGoodman, Martin. The Roman World, 44 B.C.–A.D. 180. London, 1997.Amazon search
BookGreen, Peter. Alexander to Actium. London, 1990.Amazon search
BookGriffin, Miriam. Nero: The End of a Dynasty. London, 1984.Amazon search
BookGruen, E. Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome. Ithaca, 1992.Amazon search
BookHarris, W. War and Imperialism in Republican Rome. Oxford, 1979.Amazon search
Article / chapterHengel, M. “The Pre-Christian Paul.” In J. Lieu, J. North and T. Rajak, The Jews Among Pagans and Christians in the Roman Empire. London and New York, 1992.
BookHorden, P., and N. Purcell. The Corrupting Sea. Oxford, 2000.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeHuskinson, Janet, ed., Experiencing Rome: Culture, Identity and Power in the Roman Empire. London, 2000.Amazon search
BookKelly, J. Jerome. London, 1975.Amazon search
BookKrautheimer, R. Rome: Profile of a City, 312–1308. Princeton, 2000.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeLieu, J., J. North, and T. Rajak, eds. The Jews Among Pagans and Christians in the Roman Empire. London and New York, 1992.Amazon search
BookMacDonald, William, and John Pinto. Hadrian’s Villa and Its Legacy. New Haven and London, 1995.Amazon search
BookMacMullen, Ramsay. Christianising the Roman Empire (A.D. 100–400). New Haven and London, 1984.Amazon search
BookMeier, Christian. Caesar. London, 1995.Amazon search
BookMillar, Fergus. The Roman Near East 31 B.C.–A.D. 337. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 1993.Amazon search
BookMitchell, Stephen. Anatolia: Land, Men and Gods in Asia Minor. 2 vols. Oxford, 1993.Amazon search
BookMurphy-O’Connor, Jerome. Paul: A Critical Life. Oxford, 1996.Amazon search
BookMurray, Oswyn. Early Greece. 2nd ed. London, 1993.Amazon search
BookOber, Josiah. Political Dissent in Democratic Athens: Intellectual Critics of Popular Rule. Princeton and Chichester, Eng., 1998.Amazon search
BookParker, Robert. Athenian Religion: A History. Oxford, 1996.Amazon search
BookPartridge, Loren. The Renaissance in Rome. London, 1996.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumePearson, B., ed. The Future of Early Christianity: Essays in Honor of Helmut Koester. Minneapolis, 1991.Amazon search
BookRousseau, Philip. Ascetics, Authority and the Church in the Age of Jerome and Cassian. Oxford, 1978.Amazon search
BookShipley, Graham. The Greek World After Alexander, 323–30 B.C. London, 2000.Amazon search
BookShotter, David. The Fall of the Roman Republic. London and New York, 1994.Amazon search
BookSimonetti, M. Profilo storico dell’esegesi patristica. Rome, 1980.Amazon search
BookSwain, S. Hellenism and Empire: Language, Classicism and Power in the Greek World, A.D. 50–250. Oxford, 1996.Amazon search
BookTarn, William. Alexander. Cambridge, 1948.Amazon search
BookThompson, E. A. The Visigoths in the Time of Ulfila. Oxford, 1966.Amazon search
BookWilliams, Stephen. Diocletian and the Roman Recovery. London, 1985.Amazon search
BookWitt, R. Isis in the Greco-Roman World. London, 1971.Amazon search

Judaism, Jesus, Paul, and New Testament Studies

TypeCitationAmazon
Article / chapterBarclay, John. “Paul Among Diaspora Jews: Anomaly or Apostate.” Journal of the Study of the New Testament 60 (1995): 89–120.
BookBecker, J. Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles. Trans. O. C. Dean, Jr. Louisville, Ky., 1993.Amazon search
BookBrown, R. E. The Death of the Messiah. London, 1994.Amazon search
BookCourt, John, and Kathleen Court. The New Testament World. Cambridge, 1990.Amazon search
BookD’Ancona, Matthew, and Carsten Peter Theide. The Quest for the True Cross. London, 2000.Amazon search
BookDunn, J. The Theology of Paul the Apostle. Edinburgh, 1998.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeEngbury-Pedersen, Troels, ed. Paul in His Hellenistic Context. Edinburgh, 1994.Amazon search
BookFredriksen, Paula. From Jesus to Christ. 2nd ed. New Haven and London, 2000.Amazon search
BookFredriksen, Paula. Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews. London, 2000.Amazon search
Article / chapterFredriksen, Paula. “Paul and Augustine: Conversion Narratives, Orthodox Traditions, and the Retrospective Self.” Journal of Theological Studies 37 (1986).
BookFreyne, Sean. Galilee and Gospel. Tubingen, 2000.Amazon search
BookGrabbe, L. Judaic Religion in the Second Temple Period. London and New York, 2000.Amazon search
BookGrabbe, L. Priests, Prophets, Diviners, Sages: A Socio-Historical Study of Religious Specialists in Ancient Israel. Valley Forge, Pa., 1995.Amazon search
BookHays, Richard. Echoes of Scripture in the Letters of Paul. New Haven and London, 1989.Amazon search
BookHoffman, Paul. The Man Who Loved Only Numbers. London, 1999.Amazon search
BookHorsley, Richard. Bandits, Prophets and Messiahs: Popular Movements at the Time of Jesus. New York, 1985.Amazon search
Article / chapterHorsley, Richard. “Jesus and Galilee: The Contingencies of a Renewal Movement.” In E. Mayes, ed., Galilee Through the Centuries: Confluence of Cultures. Winona Lake, Ind., 1999.
BookKoester, Helmut. Ancient Christian Gospels: Their History and Development. London, 1990.Amazon search
BookMacquarrie, John. Jesus Christ in Modern Thought. London and Philadelphia, 1990.Amazon search
BookMatthews, Thomas. The Clash of Gods: A Reinterpretation of Early Christian Art. Rev. paperback ed. Princeton, 1999.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeMayes, E., ed. Galilee Through the Centuries: Confluence of Cultures. Winona Lake, Ind., 1999.Amazon search
BookMeeks, Wayne. The First Urban Christians. New Haven and London, 1983.Amazon search
BookMitchell, Margaret. The Heavenly Trumpet: John Chrysostom and the Art of Pauline Interpretation. Tubingen, 2000.Amazon search
BookPagels, Elaine. The Gnostic Gospels. London 1980.Amazon search
BookPorter, J. R. Jesus Christ: The Jesus of History, the Christ of Faith. London, 1999.Amazon search
BookPowell, Mark Allen. The Jesus Debate. Oxford, 1999.Amazon search
BookRichards, Hubert. St Paul and His Epistles: A New Introduction. London, 1979.Amazon search
Article / chapterRorem, Paul. “The Uplifting Spirituality of Pseudo-Dionysius.” In Bernard McGinn and John Meyendorff, eds., Christian Spirituality: Origins to the Twelfth Century. London, 1986.
BookSanders, E. P. The Historical Figure of Jesus. Harmondsworth, 1993.Amazon search
BookSanders, E. Paul. Oxford, 1991.Amazon search
Article / chapterSegal, Alan. “Universalism in Judaism and Christianity.” In Troels Engbury-Pedersen, ed., Paul in His Hellenistic Context. Edinburgh, 1994.
BookSim, David C. The Gospel of Matthew and Christian Judaism. Edinburgh, 1998.Amazon search
BookSimon, Marcus. Verus Israel. Oxford, 1986.Amazon search
BookStegemann, E. W., and W. Stegemann. The Jesus Movement: A Social History of Its First Century. Edinburgh, 1999.Amazon search
BookTaylor, Miriam. Anti-Judaism and Early Christian Identity. Leiden and New York, 1995.Amazon search
BookTrout, Dennis. Paulinus of Nola: Life, Letters and Poems. Berkeley and London, 1999.Amazon search
BookVermes, G. The Changing Faces of Jesus. London, 2000.Amazon search
BookWallace, R., and W. Williams. The Three Worlds of Paul of Tarsus. London, 1998.Amazon search
BookZanker, Paul. The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus. Ann Arbor, 1988.Amazon search

Early Christianity, Doctrine, Heresy, Councils, and Church Fathers

TypeCitationAmazon
BookBonner, G. Church and Faith in Patristic Tradition. Aldershot, U.K., and Brookfield, Vt., 1996.Amazon search
Article / chapterBrakke, David. “Athanasius.” In P. Esler, ed., The Early Christian World, 2 vols. New York and London, 2000.
BookBrown, Peter. The Body and Society: Men, Women and Sexual Renunciation in Early Christianity. New York, 1988; London, 1989.Amazon search
BookBrown, Peter. The Rise of Western Christendom. 2nd ed. Malden, Oxford, Melbourne, and Berlin, 2003.Amazon search
BookChadwick, Henry. The Church in Ancient Society. Oxford, 2001.Amazon search
Article / chapterChadwick, Henry. “Orthodoxy and Heresy.” In Averil Cameron and Peter Garnsey, eds., The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIII. Cambridge, 1998.
Edited/reference volumeCoakley, S., and D. Pailin, eds. The Making and Remaking of Christian Doctrine: Essays in Honor of Maurice Wiles. Oxford, 1993.Amazon search
Article / chapterDavidson, Ivor. “Ambrose.” In P. Esler, ed., The Early Christian World, vol. 2. New York and London, 2000.
Edited/reference volumeEsler, P., ed. The Early Christian World. 2 vols. New York and London, 2000.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeFerguson, Everett, ed. Doctrinal Diversity: Varieties of Early Christianity. New York and London, 1999.Amazon search
BookFowden, Elizabeth. The Barbarian Plain. Berkeley and London, 1999.Amazon search
Article / chapterGeanakoplos, Deno John. “The Second Ecumenical Council at Constantinople (381): Proceedings and Theology of the Holy Spirit.” In Deno John Geanakoplos, Constantinople and the West. Madison, Wis., and London, 1989.
Article / chapterHanson, Richard. “The Achievement of Orthodoxy in the Fourth Century A.D.” In Rowan Williams, ed., The Making of Orthodoxy: Essays in Honour of Henry Chadwick. Cambridge, 1989.
BookHanson, Richard. The Search for the Christian Doctrine of God. Edinburgh, 1988.Amazon search
BookHerrin, Judith. The Formation of Christendom. Oxford, 1987 (Fontana ed., London, 1989).Amazon search
Article / chapterHick, John. “Interpretation and Reinterpretation in Religion.” In S. Coakley and D. Pailin, eds., The Making and Remaking of Christian Doctrine: Essays in Honour of Maurice Wiles. Oxford, 1993.
Edited/reference volumeHick, John, ed. The Myth of God Incarnate. 2nd ed. London, 1993.Amazon search
Article / chapterHopkins, Keith. “Christian Number and Its Implication.” Journal of Early Christian Studies 6 (1998): 185–226.
Article / chapterHopko, Thomas. “The Trinity in the Cappadocians.” In Bernard McGinn and John Meyendorff, eds., Christian Spirituality: Origins to the Twelfth Century. London, 1986.
BookJensen, Robin Margaret. Understanding Early Christian Art. London and New York, 2000.Amazon search
BookKelly, J. Golden Mouth: The Story of John Chrysostom. London, 1995.Amazon search
Article / chapterLane Fox, Robin. “Literacy and Power in Early Christianity.” In A. Bowman and G. Woolf, eds., Literacy and Power in the Ancient World. Cambridge, 1994.
BookLiebeschuetz, J. W. Barbarians and Bishops: Army, Church and State in the Age of Arcadius and Chrysostom. Oxford, 1990.Amazon search
BookLimberis, Vasiliki. Divine Heiress: The Virgin Mary and the Creation of Christian Constantinople. London and New York, 1994.Amazon search
BookMahoney, John. The Making of Moral Theology: A Study of the Roman Catholic Tradition. Oxford, 1987.Amazon search
BookMcLynn, N. Ambrose of Milan: Church and Court in a Christian Capital. Berkeley, 1994.Amazon search
Article / chapterNewbould, R. F. “Personality Structure and Response to Adversity in Early Christian Hagiography.” Numen 31 (1984).
BookO’Shea, Stephen. The Perfect Heresy: Life and Death of the Cathars. London, 2000.Amazon search
BookPelikan, Jaroslav. Christianity and Classical Culture. New Haven and London, 1993.Amazon search
BookPelikan, Jaroslav. The Christian Tradition. Vol. 1: The Emergence of the Catholic Tradition (100–600). Chicago and London, 1971.Amazon search
BookPickman, E. M. The Mind of Latin Christendom. New York, 1937.Amazon search
Article / chapterSimmons, M. B. “Julian the Apostate.” In P. Esler, ed., The Early Christian World, vol. 2. New York and London, 2000.
BookStark, Rodney. The Rise of Christianity. Princeton, 1996.Amazon search
Article / chapterTilley, Maureen. “Dilatory Donatists or Procrastinating Catholics: The Trial at the Conference of Carthage.” In Everett Ferguson, ed., Doctrinal Diversity: Varieties of Early Christianity. New York and London, 1999.
BookVaggione, Richard. Eunomius of Cyzicus and the Nicene Revolution. Oxford, 2000.Amazon search
BookWiles, Maurice. Archetypal Heresy: Arianism Through the Centuries. Oxford, 1996.Amazon search
BookWilliams, Daniel. Ambrose of Milan and the End of Nicene–Arian Conflicts. Oxford, 1995.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeWilliams, Rowan, ed. The Making of Orthodoxy: Essays in Honour of Henry Chadwick. Cambridge, 1989.Amazon search
Article / chapterYoung, Frances. “A Cloud of Witnesses.” In John Hick, ed., The Myth of God Incarnate, 2nd ed. London, 1993.
BookYoung, Frances. From Nicaea to Chalcedon. London, 1993.Amazon search

Augustine, Aquinas, and Christian Philosophy

TypeCitationAmazon
BookBrown, Peter. Augustine of Hippo. London, 1977; 2nd rev. ed., Berkeley and London, 2000.Amazon search
BookChadwick, Henry. Augustine. Oxford, 1986.Amazon search
BookColish, Marcia. Medieval Foundations of the Western Intellectual Tradition. New Haven and London, 1997.Amazon search
BookDavies, Brian. The Thought of Thomas Aquinas. Oxford, 1992.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeDodaro, R., and G. Lawless, eds. Augustine and His Critics. London and New York, 2000.Amazon search
BookFinnis, John. Natural Law and Natural Rights. Oxford, 1980.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeFitzgerald, A. D., ed. Augustine Through the Ages. Grand Rapids, Mich., and Cambridge, 1999.Amazon search
BookGalinsky, K. Augustine Culture: An Interpretative Introduction. Princeton, 1996.Amazon search
BookHarrison, Carol. Augustine, Christian Truth and Fractured Humanity. Oxford, 2000.Amazon search
BookKenny, Anthony. Aquinas. Oxford, 1980.Amazon search
BookKirwan, Christopher. Augustine. London and New York, 1989.Amazon search
BookMcInerny, R. Saint Thomas Aquinas. Boston, 1977.Amazon search
BookRist, John. Augustine: Ancient Thought Baptised. Cambridge, 1994.Amazon search
BookWills, Gary. Saint Augustine. London and New York, 1999.Amazon search

Late Antiquity, Constantine, Christianization, Paganism, and Empire

TypeCitationAmazon
BookAthanassiadi, P., and M. Frede. Pagan Monotheism in Late Antiquity. Oxford, 1999.Amazon search
BookBowder, Diana. The Age of Constantine and Julian. London, 1978.Amazon search
BookBowersock, G. W. Hellenism in Late Antiquity. Ann Arbor, 1990.Amazon search
Article / chapterBrown, Peter. “Art and Society in Late Antiquity.” In K. Weitzmann, ed., Age of Spirituality: A Symposium. New York, 1980.
Article / chapterBrown, Peter. “Asceticism: Pagan and Christian,” and “Christianisation and Religious Conflict.” In Averil Cameron and Peter Garnsey, eds., The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIII: The Late Empire, A.D. 337–425. Cambridge, 1998.
BookBrown, Peter. Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity. Madison, Wis., and London, 1992.Amazon search
BookBrown, Peter. The World of Late Antiquity. London, 1971.Amazon search
BookCameron, Averil. The Mediterranean World in Late Antiquity. London and New York, 1993.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeCameron, Averil, and Stuart Hall, eds. and trans. Eusebius: Life of Constantine. Oxford, 1999.Amazon search
BookChuvin, Pierre. A Chronicle of the Last Pagans. Cambridge, Mass., and London, 1990.Amazon search
Article / chapterClark, Gillian. “Women and Asceticism in Late Antiquity: The Reversal of Status and Gender.” In V. Wimbush and R. Valantasis, eds., Asceticism. New York and Oxford, 1995.
Article / chapterDrake, H. A. “Constantine and Consensus.” Church History 64 (1995).
BookDrake, H. Constantine and the Bishops: The Politics of Intolerance. Baltimore and London, 2000.Amazon search
BookElm, S. Virgins of God. Oxford, 1994.Amazon search
BookGarnsey, Peter, and Caroline Humfress. The Evolution of the Late Antique World. Cambridge, 2001.Amazon search
Article / chapterHunt, David. “The Successors of Constantine,” “Julian,” and “The Church as a Public Institution.” In Averil Cameron and Peter Garnsey, eds., The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIII: The Late Empire, A.D. 337–425. Cambridge, 1998.
BookJanes, Dominic. God and Gold in Late Antiquity. Cambridge, 1998.Amazon search
BookKee, Alistair. Constantine Versus Christ. London, 1982.Amazon search
BookLane Fox, Robin. Pagans and Christians. London, 1986.Amazon search
Article / chapterLiebeschuetz, J. “The Significance of the Speech of Praetextatus.” In P. Athanassiadi and M. Frede, eds., Pagan Monotheism in Late Antiquity. Oxford 1999.
BookLim, Richard. Public Disputation: Power and Social Order in Late Antiquity. Berkeley and London, 1995.Amazon search
BookMacCormack, Sabine. Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity. Berkeley and London, 1981.Amazon search
BookMacMullen, Ramsay. Christianity and Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries. New Haven and London, 1997.Amazon search
BookMarkus, Robert. The End of Ancient Christianity. Cambridge, 1990.Amazon search
BookMarkus, Robert. Gregory the Great and His World. Cambridge, 1997.Amazon search
Article / chapterMitchell, Stephen. “The Cult of Theos Hypsistos.” In P. Athanassiadi and M. Frede, Pagan Monotheism in Late Antiquity. Oxford, 1999.
BookPohlsander, H. Constantine the Emperor. London, 1997.Amazon search
BookRives, J. Religion and Authority in Roman Carthage from Augustus to Constantine. Oxford, 1995.Amazon search
BookStraw, Carole. Gregory the Great: Perfection in Imperfection. Berkeley and London, 1988.Amazon search

Art, Icons, Architecture, Archaeology, and Material Culture

TypeCitationAmazon
BookBelting, Hans. Likeness and Presence: A History of the Image Before the Era of Art. Trans. E. Jephcott. Chicago and London, 1994.Amazon search
Article / chapterCameron, Averil. “The Language of Images: The Rise of Icons and Christian Representation.” In D. Wood, ed., The Church and the Arts, pp. 1–42. Oxford, 1992.
BookCartlidge, D., and J. K. Elliott. Art and the Christian Apocrypha. London and New York, 2001.Amazon search
BookDamasio, Antonio. Descartes’ Error: Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain. New York, 1994; London, 1995.Amazon search
BookGrabar, A. Christian Iconography: A Study of Its Origins. London, 1968.Amazon search
Article / chapterKiilerich, B. “A Different Interpretation of the Nicomachorum-Symmachorum Diptych.” Jahrbuch für Antike und Christentum 34 (1991).
Article / chapterKinney, D. “The Iconography of the Ivory Diptych Nicomachorum-Symmachorum.” Jahrbuch für Antike und Christentum 37 (1994).
BookKrautheimer, R. Three Christian Capitals. Berkeley, 1983.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeLouden, R. B., and P. Schollmeier, eds. The Greeks and Us: Essays in Honor of Arthur W. H. Adkins. Chicago and London, 1999.Amazon search
BookMacGregor, Neil. Seeing Salvation: Images of Christ in Art. London, 2000.Amazon search
Article / chapterMango, C. “Antique Statuary and the Byzantine Beholder.” Dumbarton Oaks Papers, no. 17 (1963): 55–75.
Article / chapterMarshall, Louise. “Confraternity and Community.” In B. Wisch, ed., Confraternities and the Visual Arts in Renaissance Italy: Ritual, Spectacle, Image. Cambridge, 2000.
BookMerback, M. The Thief, the Cross and the Wheel: Pain and Punishment in Medieval and Renaissance Europe. London, 1999.Amazon search
BookSmith, R. R. R. Hellenistic Sculpture. London, 1991.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeWeitzmann, K., ed. Age of Spirituality: A Symposium. New York, 1980.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeWisch, B., ed. Confraternities and the Visual Arts in Renaissance Italy: Ritual, Spectacle, Image. Cambridge, 2000.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeWood, D., ed. The Church and the Arts. Oxford, 1992.Amazon search

Medieval, Byzantine, Renaissance, and Later Reception

TypeCitationAmazon
Edited/reference volumeBernado, A. S., and S. Levin, eds. The Classics in the Middle Ages. New York, 1990.Amazon search
BookCollins, Roger. Early Medieval Europe, 300–1000. 2nd ed., London, 1999.Amazon search
BookDalrymple, William. From the Holy Mountain. London, 1997.Amazon search
BookFletcher, Richard. The Conversion of Europe. London, 1997.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeMango, C, ed. The Oxford History of Byzantium. Oxford, 2002.Amazon search
BookMayhew, Henry. London Labour and the London Poor. London, 1861–62.Amazon search
BookMorris, Jan. Trieste and the Meaning of Nowhere. London, 2001.Amazon search
BookTarnas, Richard. The Passion of the Western Mind. London, 1996.Amazon search

Modern Theory, Ethics, Sociology, Psychology, and Miscellaneous

TypeCitationAmazon
BookAlison, James. Faith Beyond Resentment: Fragments Catholic and Gay. London, 2001.Amazon search
BookArmstrong, Karen. A History of God. London, 1993.Amazon search
BookDurkheim, Emile. Rules of Sociological Method. Eng. trans. Glencoe, Ill., 1950.Amazon search
BookFerguson, N. The Pity of War. London, 1998.Amazon search
BookJames, William. The Varieties of Religious Experience. Edinburgh, 1902, and many later editions.Amazon search
BookPopper, Karl. The Open Society and Its Enemies. 1945; republ. London, 1995.Amazon search
BookRuether, Rosemary. Faith and Fratricide: The Theological Roots of Anti-Semitism. New York, 1974.Amazon search
BookSinger, Peter. Animal Liberation. 2nd ed. London, 1990.Amazon search
BookTallis, Raymond. Enemies of Hope: A Critique of Contemporary Pessimism. London, 1997.Amazon search
BookThomas, Keith. Man and the Natural World: Changing Attitudes in England, 1500–1800. London, 1983.Amazon search

Other / Cross-Disciplinary Works

TypeCitationAmazon
BookBaldry, R. The Greeks and the Unity of Mankind. Cambridge, 1965.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeBowman, A., and G. Woolf, eds. Literacy and Power in the Ancient World. Cambridge, 1994.Amazon search
BookBragg, M. On Giants’ Shoulders. London, 1998.Amazon search
Article / chapterBrown, Peter. “Gloriosus Obitus: The End of the Ancient Other World.” In W. Klingshirn and M. Vessey, eds., The Limits of Ancient Christianity: Essays on Later Antique Thought and Culture in Honor of R. A. Markus. Ann Arbor, 1999.
Edited/reference volumeCameron, Averil, and Peter Garnsey, eds. The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. XIII: The Late Empire, A.D. 337–425. Cambridge, 1998.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeCrabbe, C., and M. James, eds. From Soul to Self. London and New York, 1999.Amazon search
Article / chapterDalrymple, William. “Two Civilizations Entwined in History.” Independent (London), October 12, 2001.
BookDodds, E. R. The Greeks and the Irrational. Berkeley and London, 1951.Amazon search
BookFreeman, Charles. The Greek Achievement: The Foundation of the Western World. London, and New York, 1999.Amazon search
BookHellemo, G. Adventus Domini. Leiden, 1989.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeHoskin, Michael, ed. The Cambridge Concise History of Astronomy. Cambridge, 1999.Amazon search
Article / chapterKelly, Christopher. “Emperors, Government and Bureaucracy.” In Averil Cameron and Peter Garnsey, eds., The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. XIII. Cambridge, 1988.
Edited/reference volumeKlingshirn, W., and M. Vessey, eds. The Limits of Ancient Christianity: Essays on Later Antique Thought and Culture in Honor of R. A. Markus. Ann Arbor, 1999.Amazon search
BookLiebeschuetz, J. Continuity and Change in Roman Religion. Oxford, 1979.Amazon search
BookLloyd, G. E. R. Aristotelian Explorations. Cambridge, 1996.Amazon search
BookLloyd, G. Magic, Reason and Experience. Cambridge, 1979.Amazon search
BookMcClelland, J. S. A History of Western Political Thought. London and New York, 1996.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeMcGinn, Bernard, and John Meyendorff, eds. Christian Spirituality: Origins to the Twelfth Century. London, 1986.Amazon search
BookMemory and Reconciliation: The Church and the Faults of the Past. Vatican City, 1999.Amazon search
BookOsborne, Robin. Greece in the Making, 1200–479 B.C. London, 1996.Amazon search
BookPorter, Roy. The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity from Antiquity to the Present. London, 1997.Amazon search
BookPrice, Simon. Religions of the Ancient Greeks. Cambridge, 1999.Amazon search
BookPrice, Simon. Rituals and Power: The Roman Imperial Cult in Asia Minor. Cambridge, 1984.Amazon search
BookRanke-Heinemann, Uta. Eunuchs for the Kingdom of Heaven: Women, Sexuality and the Catholic Church. Trans. P. Heinegg. New York, 1990.Amazon search
BookRuether, Rosemary. Gregory of Nazianzus: Rhetor and Philosopher. Oxford, 1969.Amazon search
BookSteiner, Deborah. The Tyrant’s Writ. Princeton, 1993.Amazon search
Article / chapterWare, Kallistos. “The Soul in Greek Christianity.” In C. Crabbe and M. James, eds., From Soul to Self. London, and New York, 1999.
Article / chapterWare, Kallistos. “The Way of the Ascetics, Negative or Affirmative?” In V. Wimbush and R. Valantasis, eds., Asceticism. New York and Oxford, 1995.
BookWarner, Marina. Alone of All Her Sex. London, 1985.Amazon search
Edited/reference volumeWimbush, V., and R. Valantasis, eds. Asceticism. New York and Oxford, 1995.Amazon search