📓 In your handwritten notebooks
- Feb – March 21 2026, pp. 115–117 — Byzantine & Renaissance Philosophy — Adamson → open PDF p127 (file not included in this release)
Index: Personal Journal
The front page for everything in this folder.
This is a Map of Content — a wiki-style index that links out to every major area of the philosophy vault. Start here, then drill into a sub-MOC below.
Core sub-MOCs: People · Epistemology · Ethics · Logic · Political Philosophy · Metaphysics · Schools · Concepts · Library · History · Study Path
Start Here
The fastest way to get oriented.
Philosophy websites & online references — encyclopedias, the visual history map, primary texts, papers, and study resources
Philosophy — Unified Curriculum & Checklist — the combined phased study plan: books, chapters, articles, videos and podcasts, with detailed progress checkboxes
🧭 What am I reading next? — Curriculum & Study Path (MOC) · Philosophy Curriculum (The Hybrid Master) · Reading Track - Philosophy · TODO Philosophy
🗺️ The whole map at a glance — Outline of philosophy - Wikipedia · Big‑picture Map Of Moral Philosophy
📜 The story in order — History of Philosophy (MOC) · Philosophy TIMELINE · History Canvas (file not included in this release)
⚔️ Who disagreed with whom — Disagreement Table in Philosophy
🕰️ The three great frameworks — Pre-modern vs. Modern vs. Post-Modern Frameworks
🗃️ Everything as a database — Philosophy.base (file not included in this release)
Philosophy Websites
Main reference links
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP) — detailed scholarly articles, arguments, objections, and bibliographies; the main starting point for deeper research.
- Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP) — articles by professional philosophers; a useful first explanation before tackling a more technical SEP entry.
- History of Philosophy — Summarized & Visualized — Deniz Cem Önduygu’s interactive timelines and graphs of thinkers, ideas, agreements, and disagreements. Use it to orient yourself, then check the relevant texts and reference articles.
- Wikipedia — Philosophy — the broad introduction, branches, traditions, methods, and terminology.
- Wikipedia — Philosophy Portal — a browsing gateway to philosophy topics, biographies, and related articles. Follow references to check important claims.
Columns
Note
Texts and Research
- Early Modern Texts — Jonathan Bennett’s more readable versions of early modern classics, including Descartes, Spinoza, Locke, Hume, and Kant. These are adapted texts; use the assigned edition when quoting or following page references.
- Perseus Digital Library — Greek and Latin works, translations, and language tools; useful for ancient philosophy and its classical context.
- PhilPapers — search philosophical scholarship and browse topic bibliographies to find the next article or book on a specific question.
- PhilArchive — freely accessible philosophy papers. Check each paper’s publication status; an archived manuscript is not automatically peer reviewed.
Note
Explanations and Study
- 1000-Word Philosophy — short introductory essays on arguments, questions, theories, and philosophers; useful before a difficult chapter or for a quick review.
- History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps — Peter Adamson’s chronological podcast and episode archive, with coverage extending beyond the standard Western canon. Choose the episode matching your current reading.
- Wi-Phi — Wireless Philosophy — short, free videos and learning modules on philosophy and critical thinking, featuring academic contributors.
- Open Logic Project — open textbooks and teaching materials for formal logic; best used when the logic portion of your study plan calls for a more systematic treatment.
A useful route: get oriented with the visual map or Wikipedia → clarify the question with IEP or a short explanation → examine the arguments and bibliography in SEP → read the relevant primary text or research paper. Use these as references alongside your Unified Philosophy Curriculum.
Resource links checked: 19 October 2026.
The Sub-MOCs
Each tile is a map into one area of the folder.
Every thinker note in the vault — 65+ philosophers grouped by era, from Thales to Derrida.
Knowledge, justification, truth — Gettier, the regress problem, foundationalism vs. coherentism, relativism.
The largest area of the folder — normative theories, metaethics, the is–ought problem, and the secular-morality project.
Propositional logic, natural deduction, deductive vs. inductive reasoning, Bayes, and the critical-thinking shelf.
Rights, justice, the state of nature, liberty, democracy — plus its own books, courses, and thinkers.
Free will, grounding, universals, subjectivism vs. objectivism, and philosophy of mind.
The -isms — existentialism, pragmatism, positivism, postmodernism, objectivism, Taoism, the Frankfurt School.
Standalone concept notes — reason, freedom, rights, the social contract, nihilism, supervenience, axioms.
📚 Books & Courses (MOC)
The full library — 50+ book notes and every course, grouped by theme.
Timelines, era canvases, and the Enlightenment material.
The reading plans — the Hybrid Master curriculum, the Accordion method, the Enlightenment track, and the to-read queue.
Areas by Topic
Theory of Knowledge
- Epistemology (MOC) — Epistemology · Knowledge · Definitions of Knowledge
- The hard problems → Gettier problem · Münchhausen trilemma - Agrippa's Trilemma · Problem of the Criterion · Is-Ought Problem
- The rival structures → Foundationalism · Coherentist Theories of Epistemic Justification (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) · Rationalism · Constructivism · Relativism
Ethics & Metaethics
- 60 Knowledge/60.9 Philosophy/60.9.3 Branches/60.9.3.2 Ethics/60.9.3.2 Ethics — the full map
- Normative theories → Deontology · Consequentialism · Utilitarianism · Contractualism · framework of virtue
- Metaethics → Moral Realism vs. Anti-Realism · Moral Cognitivism vs. Non-Cognitivism · Emotivism · Expressivism · Quasi-realism · Frege–Geach problem
- The live question → Secular Morality · Can Atheism and Reason Ground Morality? · Morality without foundation just preference?
Politics & Justice
- Political Philosophy (MOC) — Justice · Democracy · Natural Rights · Grounding of Rights
- Social Contract · State of Nature · Positive and Negative Liberty · Libertarianism · Neoliberalism
- Cross-folder → 60.3 Politics
Reality & Mind
- Metaphysics & Mind (MOC) — Free Will · Grounding · Subjectivism vs Objectivism · Mind
- Books on Universals · Supervenience · Metaphorical Truths
Logic & Reasoning
- Logic & Reasoning (MOC) — Laws of Logic · Propositional Logic · Natural Deduction · Deductive & Inductive Reasoning
- Bayes’ theorem · Logical Consequence - Entailment · Proposition · Truth-Apt Statement · Deontic logic
- Logic Reasoning Canvas (file not included in this release)
Schools & Traditions
- Schools of Thought (MOC) — Existentialism · Pragmatism · Positivism · Postmodern · Continental Philosophy · phenomenology
- Objectivism · Frankfurt School · Critical Theory · Neoplatonism · Taoism · Skepticism
The Thinkers
- Philosophers (MOC) — all 65+ people notes by era
- The pillars → Socrates · Plato · Aristotle · Rene Descartes · David Hume · Immanuel Kant · Friedrich Nietzsche · Ludwig Wittgenstein
History & Eras
- History of Philosophy (MOC) — History of Philosophy - TimeLine · Philosophy TIMELINE · Timeline Text
- 60.16 Enlightenment · Enlightenment Curriculum · Pre-modern vs. Modern vs. Post-Modern Frameworks
- Do Liberalism, Capitalism, and the Enlightenment Cause Atomization — separates the philosophers’ social ethics from the postliberal claim about institutional effects
Reference Shelf
- Books & Courses (MOC) — the full library
- Curriculum & Study Path (MOC) — the reading plans
- Disagreement Table in Philosophy — who split from whom, and over what
- Outline of philosophy - Wikipedia — the canonical topic tree
- Philosophy.base (file not included in this release) — database view of every note
- Timeline of Philosophy.excalidraw — the hand-drawn timeline
Legacy Index Pages
Older index notes, kept for their auto-generated file lists & embeds:
- 60.9 Philosophy (bk) — original folder note (full Waypoint file tree)
- 60.9.3.2 Ethics · 60.9.3.3 Logic · 60.9.3.4 Political Philosophy · 60.9.3.5 Metaphysics — branch folder notes
- Curriculum Map · Curriculum Map (Revised) · master_philosophy_curriculum — earlier curriculum drafts
Base index
Philosophy.base (file not included in this release)
Handwritten Notebook Pages
Source
- Open Philosophy notebook pages — start at notebook p. 64 (file not included in this release)
- Open Philosophy notebook pages — start at notebook p. 129 (file not included in this release)
- Open Philosophy notebook pages — start at notebook p. 163 (file not included in this release)
Connected Book Sections
- Grayling — one-volume historical map
- Adamson — Hellenistic schools
- Greek–Syriac–Arabic transmission
- Arabic and Greek works return to Latin Europe
- Evans — lessons from the tradition
- 60.9.1 People
- Immanuel Kant
- A. J. Ayer
- Adam Smith
- Aristotle
- Arthur Schopenhauer
- Auguste Comte
- Augustine
- Avicenna
- Ayn Rand
- Baruch Spinoza
- Bernard Mandeville
- Bertrand Russell
- Cesare Beccaria
- Cicero
- David Hume
- David Lewis
- Denis Diderot
- Edmund Burke
- Edmund Husserl
- Emile Durkheim
- Epicurus
- Francis Bacon
- Friedrich Nietzsche
- G. E. Moore
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
- George Berkeley
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- Gottlob Frege
- Herbert Marcuse
- Immanuel Kant
- Jacques Derrida
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- Jean-Paul Sartre
- Jeremy Bentham
- Johann Gottlieb Fichte
- John Locke
- John Rawls
- John Stuart Mill
- Karl Marx
- Karl Popper
- Lance Bush
- Leo Strauss
- Ludwig Wittgenstein
- Machiavelli
- Maimonides
- Martin Heidegger
- Mary Wollstonecraft
- Max Weber
- Michel de Montaigne
- Michel Foucault
- Montesquieu
- Moses Maimonides
- Nietzsche
- Philippa Foot
- Philosophers (MOC) (file not included in this release)
- Philosophers (MOC)
- Plato
- Pythagoras
- Rene Descartes
- Robert Nozick
- Sigmund Freud
- Socrates
- Søren Kierkegaard
- Thales
- Thomas Hobbes
- Thomas Reid
- Thucydides
- Voltaire
- William of Ockham
- Xenophanes
- Xenophon
- 60.9.2 Concepts and Theories
- Axioms
- Bedrock (“hinge”) propositions in On Certainty
- Concepts Theories (MOC) (file not included in this release)
- Concepts & Theories (MOC)
- Critical Theory
- Dialectical Materialism
- First Principles
- Foundationalism
- framework of virtue
- Freedom
- Game Theory
- Hypothetical Imperatives
- Internal vs. External Critique
- internalization of domination
- Is everyone equipped to exercise high-agency decision-making
- Metaphorical Truths
- Nihilism
- Non-cognitivism
- Peirce's Theory of Forms
- Reason
- Rights
- Social Contract
- Subjectivism
- Supervenience
- 60.9.3 Branches
- 60.9.3.1 Epistemology
- Coherentist Theories of Epistemic Justification (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
- Constructivism
- Current Science Understanding
- Definitions of Knowledge
- Epistemology (MOC) (file not included in this release)
- Epistemology (MOC)
- Epistemology
- Extraordinary Claims Require Extraordinary Evidence
- Fact–value distinction
- Foundationalist Theories of Epistemic Justification (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
- Gettier problem
- Is-Ought Problem
- Knowledge
- Münchhausen trilemma - Agrippa's Trilemma
- Naturalized Realism
- Problem of the Criterion
- Rationalism
- Relativism
- 60.9.3.2 Ethics
- 60.9.3.3 Logic
- 60.9.3.4 Political Philosophy
- 60.9.3.5 Metaphysics
- 60.9.3.6 Aesthetics
- 60.9.3.7 Mind
- 60.9.3.1 Epistemology
- 60.9.4 Schools of Thought
- Objectivism
- Absolutism
- Consequentialism
- Continental Philosophy
- Deconstruction
- Egalitarianism
- Existentialism
- Frankfurt School
- Hedonism
- Idealism
- Neoplatonism
- phenomenology
- Positivism
- Postmodern
- Pragmatism
- Rationalism
- Realism
- Reductionism
- Relativism
- Schools of Thought (MOC) (file not included in this release)
- Schools of Thought (MOC)
- Skepticism
- Taoism
- 60.9.5 Books
- A History of Western Philosophy - C Stephen Evans
- An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
- An Introduction to Political Philosophy - Jonathan Wolff
- Aristotle - Jonathan Barnes
- Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics - Aristotle
- Basic Political Writings
- Books Courses (MOC) (file not included in this release)
- Books & Courses (MOC)
- Byzantine and Renaissance Philosophy - Peter Adamson
- Cicero - The Life and Times of Rome's Greatest Politician
- Classical Philosophy - Peter Adamson
- Confessions of a Heretic - Roger Scruton
- Emerson - The Mind on Fire
- History of Political Philosophy - Leo Strauss
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Restless Genius
- Justice by Michael J. Sandel
- Laozi's Dao De Jing - Laozi Ken Liu
- Medieval Philosophy - Peter Adamson
- On Bullshit
- Philosophy in the Hellenistic and Roman Worlds - Peter Adamson
- Philosophy in the Islamic World - Peter Adamson
- Philosophy Principles and Problems - Roger Scruton
- Political Philosophy - A Very Short Introduction
- Problems of Knowledge - A Critical Introduction to Epistemology
- The Communist Manifesto
- The Complete Confucius - Nicholas Tamblyn Confucius
- The Consolation of Philosophy - Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius
- The Essence of Christianity - Ludwig Feuerbach
- The First Philosophers
- The History of Philosophy - A C Grayling
- The Pig That Wants to Be Eaten
- The Righteous Mind - Jonathan Haidt
- The Story of Philosophy - Bryan Magee
- The Way of Life, According to Laotzu
- The Wealth of Nations
- Think - Simon Blackburn
- Two Treatises of Government and A Letter Concerning Toleration
- Vaihinger's Philosophy of the As If
- Voltaire Almighty - A Life in Pursuit of Freedom
- 60.9.6 Misc
- Atheist vs Christian vs Spiritual Thinker Is Not Believing In God Causing More Harm Than Good?!
- Curriculum Study Path (MOC) (file not included in this release)
- Curriculum & Study Path (MOC)
- Curriculum Map (Revised)
- Curriculum Map
- Learning Philosophy
- master_philosophy_curriculum
- Philosophy Curriculum (Accordion Revised)
- The strongest arguments for and against the existence of God Alex O'Connor
- TODO Philosophy
- 60.9.7 Courses
- 60.9 Philosophy (bk)
- 60.16 Enlightenment
- Counter-Enlightenment - The Right's Case Against the Enlightenment
- Disagreement Table in Philosophy
- Do Liberalism, Capitalism, and the Enlightenment Cause Atomization
- Enlightenment as Practical Reform
- Enlightenment Curriculum
- History of Philosophy - TimeLine
- History of Philosophy (MOC)
- Institutions of Intellectual Openness
- Intro to Metaphysics & Epistemology - Peterson Academy
- Moral Genealogy Is Not Moral Ownership
- Outline of philosophy - Wikipedia
- Philosophy Curriculum (The Hybrid Master)
- Philosophy TIMELINE
- Philosophy (file not included in this release)
- Plural Enlightenments
- Pre-modern vs. Modern vs. Post-Modern Frameworks
- Ruth Benedict
- Timeline of Philosophy.excalidraw
- Timeline Text
- Was the Enlightenment a Rupture or a Development - Argument Map